Advantages And Disadvantages Of Military Intervention
In his 1801 inaugural address, Thomas Jefferson called for “peace, commerce and honest friendship with all nations, entangling alliances with none.” He set the tone for non intervention during his administration, which was also later adopted by James Monroe in 1823. Part of the Monroe Doctrine read, “In the wars of the European powers, in matters relating to themselves, we have never taken part, nor does it comport with our policy, so to do. It is only when our rights are invaded, or seriously menaced that we resent injuries, or make preparations for our defense.” However, over the next century, America would be put to the test and past policies of non intervention quickly turned into military intervention after military intervention, as Americans strove to assert their dominance and values around the globe.
“We stand at the armagaddeon and we battle for the Lord,” Theodore Roosevelt yelled from the platform. He continued, “This country belongs to the people. Its resources, its business, its laws, its institutions, should be utilized, maintained, or altered in whatever manner will best promote the general interest.” The case for military intervention was to protect America from selfish interests. With American businesses opening up overseas, there was always the danger that the host country would rise against Americans overseas, thus jeopardizing American investment. This argument would be echoed by subsequent presidents as an excuse to invade the Middle East.
The cases for non intervention are multitudinous of course. “The great rule of conduct for us, in regard to domestic nations, is in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible,” George Washington said in his farewell address, adding that America had no business in Europe’s affairs. In 1823, President James Monroe added, “In the wars of the European powers, in matters relating to themselves, we have never taken part, nor does it comport with our policy, so to do. It is only when our rights are invaded, or seriously menaced that we resent injuries, or make preparations for our defense.” Critics of US military intervention argue that these actions do more harm than good, place governments in a state of disrepair, are fueled by selfish “Manifest Destiny” and create a negative response to intervention and a negative perception of America around the world.
It’s grown increasingly difficult for the US government to justify military interventions, given the statistics. In Iraq, over 100,000 have died as a result of US bombings, invasions and occupations. In Somalia, 10,000 were killed by military intervention. In Vietnam, 3 million were left dead, with an additional half-a-million in Laos and even more in Cambodia. One million people were massacred in Indonesia and 300,000 in East Timor. The government President Clinton supported in Guatemala exterminated 205,000 people by death squad. These are only a few instances where US interventionist policy led to egregious consequences.
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